Film and Video Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Film and Video - Assignment Example Other developments such as women’s suffrage then the financial boom which ended in a market crash in 1929 leading to the Great Depression made the generation traumatic. Traumatized by the war (with some becoming suicidal due to PSTD), working in odd jobs such as sweatshops and selling newspapers and without diversion due to the Prohibition movement (prohibition of alcohol) made this generation traumatic and perhaps this explains why this generation was called as the Lost Generation. Thus this generation looked for outlet for what they lacked. In economic opportunity due to the sweatshops they are accustomed to, entrepreneurs were born and so was the rise of individualism and spirt of entrepreneurship. Immigrants flocked into the United States to try their luck with the American Dream. So the Lost Generation looked for outlet in their entertainment. Thus their entertainment was described as pure escapism which reflected the generation’s feeling of instability and displacement during their time. Traumatized with war, overworked in factories, stressed and poor, people then looked for escape from their hard life and ugly reality. This explains why John Steinbeck’s The Grapes of Wrath were adopted in the big screen as it talked about a family’s â€Å"migration of the Dust Bowl of Oklahoma to the agricultural fields of California†. People were able to relate to this poignant screen as most people shared that kind of life at some point or another. Then Scarlett O’Hara’s Gone With the Wind became popular as it encapsulated the Depression of the Lost Generation. It talked about the girl who endured poverty but still had the courage to say that â€Å"tomorrow is another day†. But what really caught the spirt of the time was the movie The Wizard of Oz. This movie may be a fantasy movie where the main character of Dorothy’s migrated from reality to fantasy, â€Å"as objects signifying permanence (picket fences, cows, and

Environmental Ethics Essay Example for Free

Environmental Ethics Essay Environmental ethics falls under the discipline of environmental philosophy that studies how human beings relate to their natural environment. This is a wide study that involves a variety of other disciplines such as those that study human relationships, economics, the earth’s structure and biology especially ecology. Human beings being the most superior of all the living things on earth have an ethical obligation to the environment concerning the earth, air, water, other organisms and the human population, both the present and the future generation. Environmental ethics brigs up a variety of issues concerning what, when, how and why we should consider this area of study. Aspects arising include the environment’s moral value, how sustainable are the policies on environmental protection, and how do these apply to the developing nations, and what policies should be put in place to ensure that the environment is safe guarded for the future generation, among others. Many philosophers through the years have studied this topic, but it only came to be recognized as an independent discipline in 1970, due to awareness of effects of increasing human knowledge on the environment. Growing economics and populations, new technologies and development of industries all have had various adverse effects on nature, although aimed at improving life. The works of Rachael Carson, Paul Ehrlich, Aldo Leopold, among others brought about ethical concerns about the environment. Under environmental ethics, human beings have a duty towards the environment, on protection and conservation as well as having a quality life for themselves. In this context, contentious issues arise as to why we should be concerned about the environment. Should it be for us, the living human beings, the future generation, or for the environment itself regardless of our own benefits? Different personalities offer different answers to this question; hence different views have come up on environmental ethics. The issues of environmental ethics is of growing concern to the government and other institution including United Nations which have come up with incentives to people to value and appreciate nature. Earth Day which is held annually (first held in 1970) continues to create awareness and sensitize people on the value of the environment and why it should be protected. The Moral Standing We cannot handle ethics without reference to moral philosophy, which is concerned with individual behaviors and conducts. The moral standing depends on what is considered ‘right’ or ‘good’ and ‘wrong’ or ‘bad’ by an individual or a society. For instance, different societies have different views on areas like land and animal ownership, rights of the future generation, and many more. Personal conduct with respect to environmental ethics defines how people should interact with nature, regarding its exploitation and conservation. The moral standing of the ethical issues on environment are wholly placed on human beings as they are the only living things who can reason and decide on moral issues. Many of the environmental concerns revolve around man and how these affect him, thus the responsibility of environmental ethics should be solely man’s. Responsibility to the environment implies that we are aware of this task, we are able to do it, we are at liberty to do it or not, and carrying out of the task has an effect to others existing in the environment. This means that we know the damage we can cause to the environment, the effects of this damage and the prevention or solutions to these problems. This gives us a moral significance in environmental ethics, and gives us a central role. The moral standing therefore means we have the moral obligation towards nature and the capability to carry out this responsibility. When we consider environmental ethics, then, look at issues such as: †¢ Should we care about nature for itself while it’s people who really â€Å"matter†? That is if not for human beings benefit; why else should we conserve the environment? And if depleting the natural resources is necessary for life improvement, why not exhaust it? †¢ Is the loss of biodiversity, destruction of scenic geographical features for human benefit such as in agriculture so harmful to man? Where is the need to conserve a species while it has no chance of survival in the near future due to changes in earth’s patterns? †¢ Is it right for a person to own land, it being a natural resource among others, or is it morally wrong? Is it fair that 5% of the human population use 30% of natural resources, while in other less countries the population suffers due to lack of the basic resources such as food and clean water? Do these resources exist for the benefit of a few or should they be left free for use by all? †¢ Is it possible for human beings to improve nature, seeing how man seems to have no control over nature when it comes to events such as natural calamities? †¢ Do recent developments in technology relieve us of our duty of protecting the environment? For instance, does biotechnology with potential to create new species, or bring back an extinct species, relieve us of the duty to conserve the biodiversity? Or alternative sources of fuel give us a right to deplete the natural fuel reserve? †¢ Should we let nature take its course as it always has or try and preserve it without assurance that this is of any benefit, or that this only hinders the course of nature? Is there any way that nature can take care of itself without our hand, like self renewal? The main issue surrounding environmental ethics today is the activist movements on environmental protection that focus people on the wrong issues, that is the moral standing is more emotional than factual or logical. The following are essential in discussing environmental ethics and policies. Western Religion and Culture It has been viewed by some philosophers that the Western religion has adversely affected the environment as it teaches that human beings have dominion over the earth and subdue it. Others view this as a command to take care of nature as we have been left in charge. The command given in the bible to the first man â€Å"be fruitful and fill the earth† (Genesis 1:28, Holy Bible KJV) raises the question of population control, is it ethical for the sake of the environment or is it a direct defiance of God’s command? To address this sensitive topic, religion should be understood in context. At the time of the command there was only one man on earth, so he was required to ‘fill’ it, but now the earth is already ‘filled’. Is it logical to still apply the very same principles now as they did then? The culture of a people defines how they relate to and use the environment. Many of the historic events that shape the western culture have had a huge impact on the environment. Events such as the industrial revolution, technological advances and the modern culture have affected the environment. Culture can easily adapt to changing environments, as well as cause permanent change to different environments. The environment is very wide and continuous, while the environment defines cultural practices. Therefore it is ethical to put environment before culture, and change current lifestyles towards more nature friendly practices. The future generation Most of the damage to the environment is more likely to affect the future human population. This therefore calls on the currently living humans to consider the rights of those who are not yet born. We might not know exactly what that generation will require but we are well aware of the basic needs of living beings; food shelter and basic health. Based on these we can have a model of what the environment should offer the future human beings. Therefore it is our moral obligation to them to utilize nature as much as we need to but ensure that we do not deny them the enjoyment of the same. Animals Other animals should be considered when addressing environmental ethics, since they are sentient beings, that is are capable of feeling. Although animals come after humans, they have rights and should be considered according to what they are interested in, such as feeding, living in their natural habitat, and allowed their existence. Controversy about animal rights arises in what animals exactly should we grant rights to. For instance, are insects or other smaller animals in this category? Is it right to use animals for laboratory research for medical and other studies to better our lives? The simple answer to this question is that unless it is extremely necessary, animals should not be put at risk or in adverse conditions. The harm to animals should be justified and be limited to a certain allowable level. Ecofeminism Women are seen to be closer and more in touch with nature; this is claimed by feminists concerned with the environment (Cochrane, 2007). This is because of their ability to give life, and the fact that the earth is considered female (Shiva, 1993). Thus this gives them a better understanding of nature and how to coexist in harmony. Val Plumwood, an ecofeminist believe, that feminism should go hand in hand with environmentalism as both women and the environment are under the same oppression. Another feminist argues that the problem is in trying to justify this kind of oppression thus allowing such subordination. When considering environmental ethics and policies, the domination over women and nature is a critical issue that requires attention. Economics and Ecology Economics and ecology usually appear as counter forces. Economy involves trying to allocate the limited resources while ecology looks out to protect these resources. The ever-growing human population has placed great pressure on nature and thus their distribution is highly competitive. Market forces have added more pressure to natural resources and their exploitation. Rapid growth of industries has contributed to environmental deterioration. The cost-benefit considers questions like; if nuclear power makes electricity cheaper, should this field be ventured? What is the cost of preserving a forest compared to the cost of exporting timber? These raise challenges when setting up policies on the environment because of the question of cost versus the benefit of environmental ethics. Technology Technology has had a huge impact on human life as well as on the environment. The effects of technology are both beneficial and adverse. The medical, agricultural, communication and energy industries rely heavily on technology to better human life. Technology has the power to destroy nature as well as replenish it. The technological advances that are most potentially harmful include nuclear technology that is able to annihilate nature and biotechnology, which has the potential to alter the natural species boundaries. Since all technologies come with potential risks along with their benefits, ethical consideration must be made with regards to the environment. Conclusion In studying environmental ethics, the first thing is to ask the question ‘what should be done about the current environmental situation and how should it be done? ’ The other consideration is the importance of individual natural resources and how much effort and cost we should dedicate to protecting such. This should be based on facts and not feelings, like and dislikes. It is important that policies be based on an integrated system that has in mind all the components of nature, as well as involvement of the government, institutions and other countries. The following should be noted when considering environmental ethics: †¢ The environment is not a resource just for us but for those we share it with (animals, plants and microorganisms) and for the future inhabitants of the planet. †¢ Nature is continuous with continuous flow of energy, but with rapid exhaustion, the environment is not able to renew itself. †¢ Some of the artificially made substances are capable of spreading all over the earth out of our control and nature has no way getting rid of them, for example nuclear waste, fluorocarbons, DDT, GMOs, etc. †¢ Our policies on environment affect the whole world since everything in nature spreads. We should be sensitive to the needs of other countries especially the less developed when considering environmental ethics It has to be demonstrated clearly that the policies we put in place concerning the environment have defined benefits for all concerned otherwise the area of environmental ethics will always be viewed with sharp critism. The benefits of conserving the environment should be clearly elucidated and put out for all interested stakeholders. Reference: Conchrane, A.Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Environmental ethics, (London School of economics and Political Science, 2007). Lotter, Don, A History of Western Culture’s relationship with Environment, (UC Davis Experimental College, 1990) Sutton, Eugene, An introduction to Cultural Ecology (Berg, 2004) Leefers, Castillo, Ecology and Society: Bridging the gap between Economics and Ecology, (Michigan State University, 1998) Beckman, Ted, Martin Heidegger: Environmental Ethics, (Claremont, 2002) Vandeveer, D and C Pierce, The environmental ethics and policy book: 3rd Edition. (Belmont, 1994)

Great Grey Owls Essay -- essays research papers fc

Great Gray Owls   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I learned many interesting things by reading this article on great grey owls. I really had no knowledge of this species before I began, but I now have a certain respect for them because of the familiarity I have gained. One interesting aspect of these owls is their hunting methods.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The great gray owl is a very aggressive hunter when it finds its prey. â€Å"These owls don’t just pounce, the plunge† (Warren, p.78). First, they locate their prey with the help of their large facial disk that funnels sound to their ears. Then, they tuck their extremely sharp hooked-shaped claws under their chin and torpedo headfirst towards the ground to snatch their next meal. In winter, when there is snow on the ground, the owl plunges into the snow. After a successful dive, it wiggles out from below the surface of the snow and takes its food to a safe spot to eat. These owls are so powerful when they hunt, they can shatter snow crust thick enough to hold a 180 pound person. I don’t think they will be losing too many meals with that kind of force. This hunting technique these owls use gives them a great advantage over other birds in the winter, because others must go to a place where the snow is not so thick. Great gray owls eat a variety of rodents in the lower 48 states, but stick to mostly voles in Canada and Alaska. These small rodents make up 80-90% of their diet. In the winter, adult gray owls can assume up to one-th...

Drug and Crime Prevention Essay

The purpose of the Final Project is for you to demonstrate your understanding of crime prevention programs and the role crime prevention plays in the overall criminal justice system. You may select a crime prevention program that addresses law enforcement, the courts, or corrections; or it may be a comprehensive program that addresses all three. The program may address the adult justice system, juvenile justice systems, or both. For the purposes of this assignment assume, you are preparing a proposal to a city, county, or state governmental body to recommend the implementation of a crime prevention program within their jurisdiction. You need to demonstrate the value of the crime prevention program and its effectiveness in reducing crime thus reducing the overall costs to the jurisdiction or building value that improves the effectiveness of crime prevention to the community justifying the additional expenditures. Your proposal will include: 1. A summary of the jurisdiction (i.e., city, county, or state) and the portion of the criminal justice System your proposal is designed to address. 2. An analysis of the current trends from three comparable cities in population size, utilizing the SARA Model and the Crime Analysis Triangle. (Note: Crime Analysis for Problem Solvers in 60 Small Steps , Steps 7 and 8). You will compare the data from three comparable jurisdictions and compare it to national data. 3. A determination of the appropriate crime prevention strategy for the jurisdiction based on this analysis. 4. A review of academic literature and studies on the various crime prevention programs to address the needs of the community. How does the crime prevention program address social justice issues†¦ To download this material Click this link – https://bitly.com/1wyPezy There is no one to clean up after you and cook healthy meals at college. Some indulgences are okay, but still maintain a nutritious diet, get proper sleep, and take care of yourself and your possessions. Take care of yourself well, study appropriately, attend all your classes and follow a regular schedule. You can get ill from being too stressed or not eating healthy enough.

Response to “Letter From a Birmingham Jail”

Martin Luther King Jr. wrote â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail† in response to his fellow white clergymen who criticized his actions that landed him in jail. He used Biblical examples to show that his nonviolent actions were necessary for African Americans to move forward in this country. This letter was mainly directed to those religious leaders who have the power to do something about segregation but don't. The purpose is to hopefully get the backup from powerful religious leaders and end segregation.He communicates this message very effectively to these men from his quotes from Saint Paul and King Solomon which is preached within the churches of these religious leaders. He also justifies his nonviolent action by comparing it to â€Å"just† and â€Å"unjust† laws with one example of Hitler ( â€Å"We can never forget that everything Hitler did in Germany was â€Å"legal† and everything the Hungarian freedom fighters did in Hungary was â€Å"illegal. â €  It was â€Å"illegal† to aid and comfort a Jew in Hitler's Germany. †)King claims there is no better timing for something that has been at conflict for 340 years and that there was no wrongdoing during this â€Å"sit-in. † He says in confidence, â€Å" We will reach the goal of freedom in Birmingham and all over the nation, because the goal of America is freedom. Abused and scorned though we may be, our destiny is tied up with the destiny of America. Before the Pilgrims landed at Plymouth, we were here. Before the pen of Jefferson scratched across the pages of history the majestic word of the Declaration of Independence, we were here †¦If the inexpressible cruelties of slavery could not stop us, the opposition we now face will surely fail. We will win our freedom because the sacred heritage of our nation and the eternal will of God are embodied in our echoing demands †¦ † Martin Luther King Jr. is asking for the help of the clergymen so the y can move forward with Civil Rights. Mr. King scolded the clergymen saying,â€Å"The early Christians rejoiced when they were deemed worthy to suffer for what they believed.In those days the Church was not merely a thermometer that recorded the ideas and principles of popular opinion; it was a thermostat that transformed the mores of society. † He was urging them to stand up for what they knew and believed was right just as the early Christian church had done in the face of execution. Martin Luther King Jr. used their belief to persuade them to see the right path. Martin Luther King Jr. ‘s major audience is the clergymen he is writing to. These men possess the power to change people's minds and yet do not even try.King gives such overwhelming emotion when he compares the situation in Birmingham with Biblical situations such as this (Of course, there is nothing new about this kind of civil disobedience. It was seen sublimely in the refusal of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed nego to obey the laws of Nebuchadnezzar because a higher moral law was involved. It was practiced superbly by the early Christians, who were willing to face hungry lions and the excruciating pain of chopping blocks before submitting to certain unjust laws of the Roman Empire.) Using this quote he tried to explain once again that sometimes to do what is right you have to take chances that may seem wrong and may be labeled as wrong. He is very professional and polite at the beginning which helps the audience to really listen to what he has to say. When he really gets his point through is when he gradually gets firmer and firmer throughout the text yet at the same time still being polite. King portrays himself as one of the clergymen, but one that has to overcome the many obstacles of the average African American.He acts as a friend and yet in the middle of the letter he portrays the religious leaders as an enemy that he hopes will reconsider their position on Civil Rights. Important Q uotes: â€Å"So I have tried to make it clear that it is wrong to use immoral means to attain moral ends. But now I must affirm that it is just as wrong, or even more so, to use moral means to preserve immoral ends. † This quote means that it is wrong to use forceful methods and violence to get a good ending but it is equally as bad to sit by and watch, doing nothing, while dissolute actions are being made.â€Å"Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere. We are caught in an inescapable network of mutuality, tied in a single garment of destiny. Whatever affects one directly, affects all indirectly. † Martin Luther King’s quote means that even if you aren’t directly affected by the current situation it will somehow come back to include you so the best way to handle injustice is to get rid of it right away and not let it affect anyone.†¦ it is immoral to urge an individual to withdraw his efforts to gain his basic constitutional rights becaus e the quest precipitates violence. Society must protect the robbed and punish the robber. This quote discourages the clergymens’ decision to sit back and not do anything about the growing issue of slavery in Birmingham. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was urging them to change the hearts of the people and communities they preached to. Mr. King believed that society must protect the African Americans affected by racism and punish the racist.

The Complete List of Historically Black Colleges (Updated)

The Complete List of Historically Black Colleges (Updated) SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs) have existed since Cheyney University in Pennsylvania was founded in 1837. Many well-known scholars, entrepreneurs, and entertainers have graduated from HBCUs, including Toni Morrison, Sean Combs, Thurgood Marshall, Martin Luther King, Jr., Taraji Henson, and Oprah Winfrey. Are you considering joining their ranks? This post will explaineverythingyou should know when deciding whether to attend an HBCU. In this article, I'll do the following: Define a historically black college Provide facts about HBCUs Detail possible pros and cons of attending an HBCU Give you the complete list of historically black colleges Advise you how to research HBCUs and other colleges Feature Image Credit: Adam Fagen/Flickr What Is a Historically Black College? A historically black college and university is defined in Title III of the Higher Education Act of 1965 as a school of higher learning that was accredited and established before 1964 and whose principal mission was the education of African-Americans. Today, HBCUs enroll mostly African-American students, but a full quarter of HBCUs across the US have at least a 20% non-Black student body. HBCU Facts There are public, private, and religious HBCUs. There are 2-year and 4-year HBCUs. HBCUs have â…› the size of endowments of predominantly white institutions. More than 75% of students at HBCUs are awarded Pell Grants. HBCUs are responsible for 22% of bachelor’s degrees awarded to African-Americans. According to the Network Journal, 40% of black members of Congress, 40% of black engineers, and 80% of black judges graduated from HBCUs. Pros and Cons of Attending an HBCU Tarica Chambliss, my dear friend whom I met when we lived in the same freshman dorm at Stanford, helped me with this section of the article by writing about the pros and cons of attending an HBCU. Tarica is uniquely qualified to advise students about the merits of an HBCU education because she attended both an HBCU and a PWI (predominantly white institution) during her undergraduate years. She graduated from Stanford and spent three years there, but she spent her junior year at HBCU Howard University in Washington DC. Furthermore, she also went to law school at Howard. Here are Tarica's opinions about the benefitsand drawbacksof attending an HBCU. Benefits of an HBCU Let's start with the pros of an HBCU education. Lower Tuition The average tuition at an HBCU tends to be lower than tuition at many PWIs. At a PWI with larger resources, you may be more likely to receive a scholarship to help out with (or even fully cover) your tuition. But if you don't receive a scholarship, going to an HBCU may be a good idea because the overall tuition cost is likely to be significantly lower. This will help you exit college with lower debt. Nurturing Professors Oftentimes at HBCUs the professors may be more accessible and more invested in your future than is the case at other schools. Studies have shown that when it comes to more technical majors and programs (ie. the sciences, pre-med programs, or engineering), students have a higher chance of sticking with these majors at HBCUs than they do at other colleges. This is perhaps because daily they see examples of African-Americans who have successfully completed these rigorous programs and end up having more opportunities for mentorship. In fact, many have advised that African-American students who are interested in science or other technical programs should at least get their undergraduate degrees from HBCUs because they will be more likely to actually become doctors or engineers if they have that foundation. Not Being Called On to Be a Representative At an HBCU, you're not the minority in your classes, so you're not called upon to represent the minority perspective. Whereas at PWIs, if an issue that is thought to disproportionately affect African-Americans comes up in class, you are often called upon to serve as the â€Å"expert† or to give the "African-American perspective." This can at times become annoying (you're there to learn, not teach), so it's nice to be in class at an HBCU where these types of issues do not come up because many of the students already share your experience. Cons And now for the negative aspects of attending an HBCU. Fewer Financial Resources The difference in resources between an HBCU and other schools can at times be stark. HBCUs have smaller endowments and less monetary alumni support to draw from so their resources are often not as robust as those of PWIs. This often results in the facilities not being as modern or sophisticated as those of many PWIs. Administrative Challenges Generally, the administration at HBCUs is notoriously inefficient. I definitely ended up waiting in much longer lines at my HBCU than I did at my PWIand often ended up waiting longer for checks to be disbursed. Again, this may be due to differences in resources (which naturally lead to staffing differences), but it was extremely stressful at times. Less Camaraderie At HBCUs, there can be less unity among the African-American students because the majority of students are African-American. At a PWI, the African-American students tend to band together and have more of a sense of camaraderie and mutual support. At my PWI, almost all of the African-American students knew each other (and to this day I am still friends with many of them). Most PWIs have a Black Student Union or other groups aimed at fostering unity and sense of family among African-American students. These groups are not as prominent at HBCUs because obviously the schools are predominantly African-American. My Additions I just wanted to add a few things I learned from my research and from friends and former students who attended HBCUs. A common criticism of HBCUs is that they lack diversity. While most HBCUs are predominantly African-American, there are often students from every different socioeconomic class, geographic region, and from many different countries.Keep in mind, though, that the level of diversity is different for each HBCU. Remember that not all HBCUs are the same. Employers and graduate school representatives tend to recruit from HBCUs in an effort to increase diversity in their companies and in higher education. Finally, many African-American students feel increased confidence and pride in their African-American identities by being around so many African-American college students and by being in classes that more often incorporate the African-American experience. The Complete List of Historically Black Colleges For this list, I only included accredited 4-year colleges. Most of these schools are in the South, but there areHBCUs in 20 states, Washington DC, and the Virgin Islands. Public universities are in bold. The acceptance rates and percentage of African-American students were reported by the schools for the previous academic year. Alabama School Acceptance Rate % of African-Americans Alabama A M University 51% 95% Alabama State University 54% 92% Concordia College-Selma 100% Not Reported Miles College 26% Not Reported Oakwood University 57% 85% Selma University 100% Not Reported Stillman College 44% 93% Talladega College 51% 89% Tuskegee University 41% 78% Arkansas School Acceptance Rate % of African-Americans Arkansas Baptist College 100% Not Reported Philander Smith College 52% Not Reported University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff 30% 93% California School Acceptance Rate % of African-Americans Charles Drew University of Medicine and Science 100% 32% Delaware School Acceptance Rate % of African-Americans Delaware State University 44% 75% District of Columbia School Acceptance Rate % of African-Americans Howard University 48% 91% University of the District of Columbia 93% 37% (DonkeyHotey/Flickr) Florida School Acceptance Rate % of African-Americans Bethune-Cookman University 64% 89% Edward Waters College 53% Not Reported Florida AM University 45% 94% Florida Memorial University 39% Not Reported Georgia School Acceptance Rate % of African-Americans Albany State University 47% 89% Clark Atlanta University 85% 87% Fort Valley State University 58% 94% Morehouse College 84% 95% Paine College 44% 91% Savannah State University 78% 88% Spelman College 54% 87% Kentucky School Acceptance Rate % of African-Americans Kentucky State University 48% 58% Simmons College of Kentucky Not Reported Not Reported Louisiana School Acceptance Rate % of African-Americans Dillard University 41% Not Reported Grambling State University 44% 91% Southern University and AM College 57% 93% Southern University at New Orleans 79% Not Reported Xavier University of Louisiana 66% 70% (J. Stephen Conn/Flickr) Maryland School Acceptance Rate % of African-Americans Bowie State University 54% 87% Coppin State University 54% 85% Morgan State University 40% 85% University of Maryland, Eastern Shore 61% 74% Mississippi School Acceptance Rate % of African-Americans Alcorn State University 78% 94% Jackson State University 69% 92% Mississippi Valley State University 16% 91% Rust College 39% 96% Tougaloo College 99% 97% Missouri School Acceptance Rate % of African-Americans Harris-Stowe State University 100% 83% Lincoln University of Missouri 54% 49% North Carolina School Acceptance Rate % of African-Americans Barber-Scotia College Not Reported Not Reported Bennett College 92% Not Reported Elizabeth City State University 52% 75% Fayetteville State University 50% 66% Johnson C. Smith University 42% 80% Livingstone College 64% 88% North Carolina AT State University 58% 81% North Carolina Central University 43% 83% St. Augustine's University 74% 95% Shaw University 59% 71% Winston-Salem State University 60% 72% (J. Stephen Conn/Flickr) Ohio School Acceptance Rate % of African-Americans Central State University 38% 95% Wilberforce University 38% 95% Oklahoma School Acceptance Rate % of African-Americans Langston University 46% 89% Pennsylvania School Acceptance Rate % of African-Americans Cheyney University of Pennsylvania 85% 86% Lincoln University 27% 81% South Carolina School Acceptance Rate % of African-Americans Allen University 72% 99% Benedict College 75% 99% Claflin University 44% 92% Morris College 62% 98% South Carolina State University 85% 95% Voorhees College 50% 98% Tennessee School Acceptance Rate % of African-Americans American Baptist College 51% 97% Fisk University 20% 87% Lane College 43% 100% LeMoyne-Owen College 49% 99% Tennessee State University 52% 72% Texas School Acceptance Rate % of African-Americans Huston-Tillotson University 46% 70% Jarvis Christian College 42% 84% Paul Quinn College 90% 85% Prairie View AM University 39% 85% Southwestern Christian College Not Reported 82% Texas College 34% 85% Texas Southern University 51% 82% Wiley College 100% Not Reported Virginia School Acceptance Rate % of African-Americans Hampton University 29% 94% Norfolk State University 67% 83% Virginia State University 80% 85% Virginia Union University 24% 96% Virginia University of Lynchburg 100% Not Reported West Virginia School Acceptance Rate % of African-Americans Bluefield State College 38% 10% West Virginia State University 41% 12% (Jerry "Woody"/Wikimedia) Virgin Islands School Acceptance Rate % of African-Americans University of the Virgin Islands 97% 72% University of the Virgin Islands-Kingshill Not Reported Not Reported How Should You Use This List? If you’re considering attending an HBCU, you should research the colleges that interest you on the list to determine if they’re schools you should apply to or attend. There are many factors to consider to determine if a college is a good fit for you including location, selectivity, support services, and the majors offered. Look at the school’s website, and use guidebooks,college finders, and search websitesto help you in the college selection process. If possible, consult with teachers, counselors, parents, current students, and alumni. To get a general idea of the reputations of different HBCUs, you can check out their US News rankings. Also,Big Future and College View allow you to search for HBCUs and other qualities you’re looking for in a college. Finally, you can attend an HBCU college fair or tour to learn more about specific HBCUs. What's Next? If you're worried about college costs, read about how to pay for college and how to pay for college without loans. Before you finalize your list of schools that you're going to apply to, make sure you know about reach and safety schools. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Free Essays on Compare, Contrast And Evaluate The Sociological Perspectives On Teh Role Of Education

The role of education is to educate individuals within society and to prepare and qualify them for work in the economy as well as helping to integrate individuals into society and teach them the norms, values and morals of society. Yet there are three sociological theories that differ greatly between them on the role of education. These are Functionalism, Marxism and Liberalism. Functionalists view the role of education as a means of socialising individuals and to integrate society, to keep society running smoothly and remain stable. Emile Durkheim, creator of the Organic Analogy, was a functionalist during the 1870’s. Durkheim believes that society can only survive if its members are committed to common social values and that education provides these to children and young people as well as raising awareness of their commitment to society. Durkheim also believed that schools teach young people that they must co-operate with their peers and be prepare to listen to and learn from their teachers. Individual pupils eventually learn to suspend their own self interests for those of society as a whole, work together and that success in education, just like in society, involves commitment to a value consensus. Similarly, Kingsley Davis and Wilbert Moore, functionalists during the 1970’s, believed that education is strongly linked to social stratificat ion by members of society and that education ‘sifts, sorts and allocates’ people to their correct place in the economy and society. By rewarding the most talented and most dedicated by allowing them into the highest paid and highest status jobs, education performs the function which is always necessary to Functionalists – differentiating all members of society so that the system runs smoothly. Like the functionalists, Marxists agree that education is functional in that it maintains the dominance of certain powerful groups in society. Unlike the functionalists, however, Marxists do... Free Essays on Compare, Contrast And Evaluate The Sociological Perspectives On Teh Role Of Education Free Essays on Compare, Contrast And Evaluate The Sociological Perspectives On Teh Role Of Education The role of education is to educate individuals within society and to prepare and qualify them for work in the economy as well as helping to integrate individuals into society and teach them the norms, values and morals of society. Yet there are three sociological theories that differ greatly between them on the role of education. These are Functionalism, Marxism and Liberalism. Functionalists view the role of education as a means of socialising individuals and to integrate society, to keep society running smoothly and remain stable. Emile Durkheim, creator of the Organic Analogy, was a functionalist during the 1870’s. Durkheim believes that society can only survive if its members are committed to common social values and that education provides these to children and young people as well as raising awareness of their commitment to society. Durkheim also believed that schools teach young people that they must co-operate with their peers and be prepare to listen to and learn from their teachers. Individual pupils eventually learn to suspend their own self interests for those of society as a whole, work together and that success in education, just like in society, involves commitment to a value consensus. Similarly, Kingsley Davis and Wilbert Moore, functionalists during the 1970’s, believed that education is strongly linked to social stratificat ion by members of society and that education ‘sifts, sorts and allocates’ people to their correct place in the economy and society. By rewarding the most talented and most dedicated by allowing them into the highest paid and highest status jobs, education performs the function which is always necessary to Functionalists – differentiating all members of society so that the system runs smoothly. Like the functionalists, Marxists agree that education is functional in that it maintains the dominance of certain powerful groups in society. Unlike the functionalists, however, Marxists do...

Formation of the Delian League in Ancient History

Formation of the Delian League in Ancient History Several Ionian cities joined together in the Delian League  for mutual protection against the Persians. They placed Athens at the head (as hegemon) because of her naval supremacy. This free confederation (symmachia) of autonomous cities, founded in 478 B.C., consisted of representatives, an admiral, and treasurers appointed by Athens. It was called the Delian League because its treasury was located at  Delos. History Formed in 478 B.C., the Delian League was an alliance of mainly coastal and Aegean city-states against Persia at a time when Greece feared Persia might attack again. Its goal was to make Persia pay and to free the Greeks under Persian dominion. The league morphed into the Athenian Empire that opposed the Spartan allies in the Peloponnesian War. After the Persian Wars, which included Xerxes invasion by land at the Battle of Thermopylae (the setting for the graphic novel-based movie ), the various Hellenic poleis (city-states) divided into opposing sides ranged around Athens and Sparta, and fought the Peloponnesian War. This enervating war was a major turning point in Greek history since in the following century, the city-states were no longer strong enough to stand up to the Macedonians under Philip and his son Alexander the Great. These Macedonians adopted one of the aims of the Delian League: to make Persia pay. Strength is what the poleis had been seeking when they turned to Athens to form the Delian League. Mutual Protection Following Hellenic victory at the Battle of Salamis, during the Persian Wars, Ionian cities joined together in the Delian League for mutual protection. The league was meant to be offensive as well as defensive: to have the same friends and enemies (typical terms for an alliance formed for this dual purpose [Larsen]), with secession forbidden. The member poleis placed Athens at the head (hegemon) because of her naval supremacy. Many of the Greek cities were annoyed with the tyrannical behavior of the Spartan commander Pausanias, who had been leader of the Greeks during the Persian War. Thucydides Book 1.96 on the formation of the Delian League 96. When the Athenians had thus gotten the command by the confederates own accord for the hatred they bare to Pausanias, they then set down an order which cities should contribute money for this war against the barbarians, and which galleys. For they pretended to repair the injuries they had suffered by laying waste the territories of the king. [2] And then first came up amongst the Athenians the office of treasurers of Greece, who were receivers of the tribute, for so they called this money contributed. And the first tribute that was taxed came to four hundred and sixty talents. The treasury was at Delos, and their meetings were kept there in the temple. Members of the Delian League In The Outbreak of the Peloponnesian War (1989), author-historian Donald Kagan says the members included about 20 members from the Greek islands, 36 Ionian city-states, 35 from the Hellespont, 24 from around Caria, and 33 from around Thrace, making it primarily an organization of the Aegean islands and coast. This free confederation (symmachia) of autonomous cities, consisted of representatives, an admiral, and financial officers/treasurers (hellenotamiai) appointed by Athens. It was called the Delian League because its treasury was located at Delos. An Athenian leader, Aristides, initially assessed the allies in the Delian League 460 talents, probably annually [Rhodes] (there is some question about the amount and people assessed [Larsen]), to be paid to the treasury, either in cash or warships (triremes). This assessment is referred to as phoros that which is brought or tribute. 23.5 Hence it was Aristeides who assessed the tributes of the allied states on the first occasion, two years after the naval battle of Salamis, in the archonship of Timosthenes, and who administered the oaths to the Ionians when they swore to have the same enemies and friends, ratifying their oaths by letting the lumps of iron sink to the bottom out at sea. - Aristotle Ath. Pol. 23.5 Athenian Supremacy For 10 years, the Delian League fought to rid Thrace and the Aegean of Persian strongholds and piracy. Athens, which continued to demand financial contributions or ships from its allies, even when fighting was no longer necessary, became more and more powerful as her allies became poorer and weaker. In 454, the treasury was moved to Athens. Animosity developed, but Athens would not permit the formerly free cities to secede. The enemies of Pericles were crying out how that the commonwealth of Athens had lost its reputation and was ill-spoken of abroad for removing the common treasure of the Greeks from the isle of Delos into their own custody; and how that their fairest excuse for so doing, namely, that they took it away for fear the barbarians should seize it, and on purpose to secure it in a safe place, this Pericles had made unavailable, and how that Greece cannot but resent it as an insufferable affront, and consider herself to be tyrannized over openly, when she sees the treasure, which was contributed by her upon a necessity for the war, wantonly lavished out by us upon our city, to gild her all over, and to adorn and set her forth, as it were some vain woman, hung round with precious stones and figures and temples, which cost a world of money. Pericles, on the other hand, informed the people, that they were in no way obliged to give any account of those moneys to their allies, so long as they maintained their defense, and kept off the barbarians from attacking them. - Plutarchs Life of Pericles The Peace of Callias, in 449, between Athens and Persia, put an end to the rationale for the Delian League, since there should have been peace, but Athens by then had a taste for power and the Persians started supporting the Spartans to Athens detriment [Flower]. End of the Delian League The Delian League was broken up when Sparta captured Athens in 404. This was a terrible time for many in Athens. The victors razed the great walls linking the city to her harbor city of Piraeus; Athens lose her colonies, and most of her navy, and then submitted to the reign of the Thirty Tyrants. An Athenian league was later revived in 378-7 to protect against Spartan aggression and survived until Philip II of Macedons victory at Chaeronea (in Boeotia, where Plutarch would later be born). Terms to Know hegemonia leadership.Hellenic Greek.Hellenotamiai treasurers, Athenian financial officers.Peloponnesian League modern term for the military alliance of the Lacedaemonians and their allies.symmachia a treaty where the signers agree to fight for one another. Sources Starr, Chester G. A History of the Ancient World. Oxford University Press, 1991.Kagan, Donald. The Outbreak of the Peloponnesian War. Cornell University Press, 2013.Holden, Hubert Ashton, Plutarchs Life of Perciles, Bolchazy-Carducci Publishers, 1895.Lewis, David Malcolm. The Cambridge Ancient History Volume 5: The Fifth Century BC., Boardman, John, Davies, J.K., Ostwald, M., Cambridge University Press, 1992.Larsen, J. A. O. â€Å"The Constitution and Original Purpose of the Delian League.† Harvard Studies in Classical Philology, vol. 51, 1940, p. 175.Sabin, Philip, International Relations in Greece, the Hellenistic World and the Rise of Rome, Hall, Jonathan M., Van Wees, Hans, Whitby, Michael, Cambridge University Press, 2007.Flower, Michael A. From Simonides to Isocrates: The Fifth-Century Origins of Fourth-Century Panhellenism, Classical Antiquity, Vol. 19, No. 1 (Apr. 2000), pp. 65-101.

Poetry essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Poetry - Essay Example Standing in the direct line of poet-critics from Philip Sydney to T.S Eliot, he hoped that literature would rise and take up the place of religion offering consolation and sustenance to man. His short poem â€Å"Dover Beach† reflects his melancholic temperament and his dismay at the retreating tide of religious faith. He extols humanity to hold fast to one another because the world is a deceptive and dangerous place, the darkness of which needs moral and spiritual enlightenment to guide people through. The poem begins with tempting description of the night-scene from the Dover Beach. The sea is described as calm, the tide full, â€Å"the moon lies fair upon the straits†, the distant lights on the French coast come on and off, the vast cliffs of England stand â€Å"glimmering†, the bay is tranquil, and the night air is sweet. The speaker invites the other to come to the window and witness the alluring scene. The poem is in the form of a talk, and there is an inevitable presence of a listener. The speaker is airing his thoughts and feelings to an intimate ‘other’ present with him. The seventh line in the first stanza of the poem marks the transition in the speaker’s mood. From the alluring description of the outside view and the invitation to share the beautiful moment with him at the window, he swiftly moves to the melancholic aspect of the repetitive sound of the waves gathering and flinging back the pebbles from the shore on their coming and retreating. He calls this â€Å"the grating roar of pebbles†. The noise is disturbing in its recurring pattern of â€Å"Begin, and cease, and then again begin†. The slow and â€Å"tremulous cadence† of the waves bring to the poet â€Å"the external note of sadness in†. Arnold uses poetic techniques like inversion to heighten the impact of his words. In the last lines of the first stanza the inversion in â€Å"with tremulous cadence slow† works wonders bringing home the

Corporate Governance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Corporate Governance - Essay Example Must have the capability and is responsible for individual decision-making Each director must execute calculated and independent judgment in his or her decision making process. Must be able to exercise concern, meticulousness and dexterity In the duties executed by the directors, the directors have the responsibility of exercising significant concern, dexterity and meticulousness. The aspects of ‘significant concern, dexterity and meticulousness’ are weighed according to what is generally expected from a person performing the role of a director. It is also weighed as per the experience, skill and general knowledge of the individual director (Mallin, 2010). Must never accept benefits from third parties. Benefits from third parties can give rise to conflict of interest and make an impact (or affect) on the company. Therefore, Directors must never accept such benefits. Must declare interest in proposed transaction. If a director has a personal interest in the companyâ€℠¢s proposed transaction, then the details of the particular of the interest must be declared to the other directors before the transaction or arrangement takes place. Must act honestly towards the company and must act only within the powers sanctioned to him and use the same only for purposes which would be beneficial to the organisation. Must take charge of all meetings of the Board when a Chairman is not present, and review plans, agendas and information that are sent to the Board for Board meetings and check on the meeting schedules to assure that there is enough time for discussion of all agenda items. Must serve as liaison between the independent Directors and the Chairman of the Board. Must monitor the self evaluations of the Directors in coordination with the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee. Rights and Responsibilities of the board of directors at the Collective level Primary decision-making body of the company are the board of directors (Hopt & Wymeersch, 1997) . The collective responsibility of all aspects of the company is on the board of directors. The various activities of the company that the board of directors are responsible are: To establish and maintain the company’s motto that can otherwise be categorised as vision, mission, and values. To have full and effective control of the company To establish its structure, strategy, and risk profile by identifying and monitoring key risks and making sure that the company has the necessary control systems to manage risk within permissible levels. To ensure compliance by the company with all laws and regulations and must delegate authority to management, and monitor the execution of the company’s plans – strategic, tactical and operational moves. To responsible and accountable to all the stakeholders of the company which include, shareholder, employees, customers, clients, etc. Be transparent while communicating to the shareholders and explain on the details of resolutio ns that are to be passed at the

Flight Attendants Role in Aircraft Research Proposal

Flight Attendants Role in Aircraft - Research Proposal Example The aircraft passengers at the time have extremely long travel durations and it is extremely important that flight attendants the ensure full cooperation with the passengers (Shaw 2007). The major roles of flight attendants also include the safety of the passengers as they need to be facilitating them during the flight and also advise them on how to have a safe flight by providing them with safety instructions. The flight attendants are involved in boarding the flight in a collective form that is called the cabin crew. The world’s first flight attendant was Heinrich Kubis. Heinrich Kubis became the first flight attendant in the year 1912 (Shaw 2007). The main roles and duties of the flight attendants are basically concentrated towards the safety and security issues for the entire travel time period of the airlines. Before the commencement of any flight, it is required by the flight attendants to conduct the safety briefings with the pilot and the lead flight attendant of the airline (Kanki et al 2010). During the session of the briefing, the flight attendants thoroughly go over the checklists of emergency and safety element. The emergency equipment and their locations are verified along with all other necessary types of equipment required for the flight. Some passengers may have special needs, some small children may be traveling without a guardian and the responsibility may be given to a specific flight attendant, and at times some VIPs are required to give special attention during the flight. All these boarding particulars are verified before the flight commences by the flight attendants (Shaw 2007).

How the idea of family has changed Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

How the idea of family has changed - Essay Example These factors have made the reliance on a single source of income a progressively more risky approach for family sustenance. Consequently, encouraging public policies on informal care of the ageing population by family members replaces traditional community responsibility on caring for the aged (Lewis & Lewis, 1996). Personally, these changes in the family concept have made me to develop a broader outlook on how present-day families function. Even though women maintain the majority of work in family care, changes have emerged in the readiness of men to adjust work for family and family participation, especially amongst young generations. The overall social workforce now comprises of men and women with the obligation for caring and economically supporting families while seeking a balance between their private life and social work. On the other hand, globalization and technological development have produced changes in employing organizations and the nature of social work. Hence, there exist unclear limits between work and leisure time. Moreover, developments in technology have eradicated the need for several routine jobs. The choices of where and when to work have become more practical as a result of technology such as mobile phone and computer. In this regard, work spills over and intrudes into private or family time. Similarly, employing organizations have reduced their workforce size while empowering teams or individual employees to become more accountable, autonomous and responsible. It would be evident that restructuring may make available opportunities for more flexibility in enabling employees to manage their leisure and work life. From this viewpoint, changes in the family have traditional assumptions have become more obsolete in relation to the distinction between family and work. Subsequently, the concept of a working mother enlightens social policy on the realities of current family life diversity. Nevertheless, the

LEADERSHIP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

LEADERSHIP - Essay Example Leadership entails numerous skills that enable the leader to get the best out of his/her followers. The skills required include the ability to motivate, inspire, facilitate, empower and focus once followers towards the accomplishment of an identified aspiration (Ricketts 2009, p. 1). Despite the prior definition suggesting that, leadership is a skill, it is imperative to acknowledge that it is also a process, which seeks to realize an objective. Therefore, the leader has to channel the powers of follower towards accomplishing an agenda (Katz 1955, p. 37). Leadership is a subject, which has generated great debate. Some scholars assert that leadership is inborn. Hence, leaders are born with that trait. Conversely, others argue that the skill is natured in the leadership environment. The process of nurturing leadership entails exposing an individual to situations that demand leadership skills (Kotter 1990, p. 56). Leadership is a vital aspect in organizations. Ineffective leadership wil l have countless impacts on an organization. First, an organizational leader ensures that the resources of the organization are focused towards the realization of certain objectives (Northouse 2007, p. 234). However, absence of proper leadership would result in uncoordinated efforts. Such effort would not realize the objectives of the organization. Leadership gears up of all the organizational aspects towards the realization of corporate goals. ... However, leadership originates from the ability to galvanize, influence and inspire. Therefore, a powerful leader does not necessary possess power, but has the capability to inspire, galvanize and influence. Ultimately, an individual can possess power but is not a leader (Rowe 2001, p.50). Leadership Development Programme Inculcating leadership skills is imperative since it enables individuals to lead organizations and followers. Leadership skills are vital in the current world. Therefore, an individual should constantly develop such skills (Hollander 1992, p. 50). Developing such skill is a tricky undertaking. As such, it requires proper strategizing to ensure the development of such skills. The best means to develop leadership skills is undertaking a leadership development programme (LDP). A trainer in a manner, which suits the recruit, designs the programme. LDP is a subjective programme, which seeks to develop leadership skills (Morrow, Jarrett & Rupinski 1997, p. 109). Its subje ctive nature allows the trainer to design a programme, which suits the leadership needs, resources, and time framework of an individual. The trainer undertakes a vital role in not only enhancing but also planning and assessing the leadership skills. The success of such a program will depend on the corporation between the trainer and the trainee. This section of the write-up seeks to design a LDP for an individual, which will last 4 years (Baldwin & Ford 1988, p. 70). First, I should identify a leadership trainer who has the capability to develop my skills. Subsequently, the trainer should assess the skills that I possess. Based on the assessment we should then brainstorm on the skill I require. This session should yield certain results. First, it should outline the leadership skill that

How the idea of family has changed Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

How the idea of family has changed - Essay Example These factors have made the reliance on a single source of income a progressively more risky approach for family sustenance. Consequently, encouraging public policies on informal care of the ageing population by family members replaces traditional community responsibility on caring for the aged (Lewis & Lewis, 1996). Personally, these changes in the family concept have made me to develop a broader outlook on how present-day families function. Even though women maintain the majority of work in family care, changes have emerged in the readiness of men to adjust work for family and family participation, especially amongst young generations. The overall social workforce now comprises of men and women with the obligation for caring and economically supporting families while seeking a balance between their private life and social work. On the other hand, globalization and technological development have produced changes in employing organizations and the nature of social work. Hence, there exist unclear limits between work and leisure time. Moreover, developments in technology have eradicated the need for several routine jobs. The choices of where and when to work have become more practical as a result of technology such as mobile phone and computer. In this regard, work spills over and intrudes into private or family time. Similarly, employing organizations have reduced their workforce size while empowering teams or individual employees to become more accountable, autonomous and responsible. It would be evident that restructuring may make available opportunities for more flexibility in enabling employees to manage their leisure and work life. From this viewpoint, changes in the family have traditional assumptions have become more obsolete in relation to the distinction between family and work. Subsequently, the concept of a working mother enlightens social policy on the realities of current family life diversity. Nevertheless, the

The Amazing Spiderman 2 Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Amazing Spiderman 2 - Movie Review Example The script has an overstuffed plot that has too many antiheroes. The movie could have been better if it had a cleaner script and fewer anti-heroes, coupled with thoughtful editing. For a teenager, this overstuffed plot and storyline work, but an acute audience consider it as a sensory burden. In the end, the middle of sub plots obscures the main character since he does not have sufficient screen time. The ludicrous humor does not work well with the performance. The villains, an inane anti-hero christened Electro, the Green Goblin and the machine like Rhino, present below par. Harry fights Spiderman without a manual or any directions on the operation of the machine he finds himself driving. Both characters fail to create the necessary dramatic tension that is a characteristic of superpower movies.Some of the special and visual effects are too complex, while some are considerably cartoony and ingenious. Deplorably, this makes the film wearisome and overlong. The movie is far from amazi ng considering it's exhausting experience and insufficiency in storytelling etiquette. The director damages the action fundamentals through the superpowers of the several villains. Considering it is a series, The Amazing Spiderman 2 provides an unsatisfactory backward step. It appears as if the movie is building on a future movie, rather than concentrating on the present edition. The last 10 minutes are perceptible a trailer for The Amazing Spiderman 3. It repeats mistakes loathed in the previous sequels involving the Spiderman.

Muhannad - Arabia, in 600CE Essay Example for Free

Muhannad Arabia, in 600CE Essay In Arabia, in 600CE, two large tribes called the Quaraish and the Hanifs inhabited a sacred city known as Makkah. The most important tribe in Makkah at this time were the Quaraish. The Quaraish consisted of merchants who had control over the Kabah (an ancient temple) and Makkahs water supply. This tribe organised protection for the merchants who travelled through Makkah. The Quaraish made profit out of the traders who passed through Makkah and the provisions given to pilgrims who came there to see and worship the idols. The Hanifs were the other major tribe who inhabited Makkah. They consisted of moral tribesmen who despised the Quaraishs selfishness and greed for money. This group of people were very holy and believed that there must only be one God. They believed that this one Supreme Power created everyone and everything and the worship of idols was an insult to him. They detested peoples devotion to icons of different Gods such as Al-Lat (the life-force). The Hanifs were sacred people who prayed regularly and often sought solitude to worship God. They believed that this one God had sent prophets such as Moses to Earth to try and purify peoples hearts and bring them closer to God. MUHAMMADS EARLY LIFE Muhammad was grandson of Abd-al-Muttalib. Abd-al-Muttalib was a member of the Hanif, and a man famous for his devotion to God and for his visions. His son, Abdullah, married a woman called Aminah, who was soon pregnant with his child when Abdullah suddenly died. The child that was born was named Muhammad. When Muhammad was born he was given to a Bedouin woman called Halimah as all Quaraish children at that time were. This was done so that children would be brought up away from the disease and impurities in the air in the city. At the age of six Muhammad was returned to Aminah who proceeded to die later that year. Luckily Muhammads devoted grandfather, Abd-al-Muttalib, took him in and cared for him until he died two years after that. Now Muhammad was passed onto his uncle, Abu Talib, who was a wealthy merchant. Living under the care of his uncle, Muhammad became a loyal and hard-working shepherd. LEGENDS Many legends have been created about Muhammad and his life. These legends were created to make Muhammad look greater and more powerful than he was. During his lifetime, Muhammad disapproved of all these myths about him and denied all of them. One of the legends about Muhammad was that he had his heart removed from his body by two angels. They then weighed his heart against other men but even with the whole communitys hearts weighed against his, his still weighed the most. Muhammad insisted that he did not and could not perform miracles; he was just a devoted follower of God. MUHAMMADS PERSONALITY Muhammad grew up to be a thoughtful young man who was kind and decisive. He continuously impressed the merchants that he worked with including Khadijah, a wealthy widow who employed Muhammad to supervise her caravan trade. When Muhammad was just 25 years old, Khadijah asked him to marry her; he accepted. Despite Khadijah being 15 years older than Muhammad, she became the love of his life until her death 25 years later. During her lifetime, Khadijah stood by Muhammad all the way and supported him in every possible means. When she died she left Muhammad with four daughters, Zainab, Ruqaiyyah, Umm Kulthum and Fatimah. Muhammads two sons, Qasim and Abdullah, unfortunately both died in infancy. Zaid ibn Haritha, the slave boy of the household, was devoted to Muhammad. When Zaids father found him after years of searching, he offered to buy him back. Muhammad left the choice of what to do up to Zaid himself, and he decided to stay with Muhammad. Muhammad was so touched by Zaid ibn Harithas decision to stay with him that Muhammad immediately released him and adopted him as his own son. Ali, son of Muhammads uncle, Abu Talib, was another child in the household. Muhammad chose to look after Ali when Abu Talib fell under hard times. THE NIGHT OF POWER In the year 610CE, Muhammad was once again meditating during Ramadan when an event happened which changed his life forever. Muhammad was 40 years old at the time and was praying alone in a cave on Mount Hira when he suddenly heard a voice calling his name and commanding him to proclaim or recite. Unfortunately Muhammad was illiterate and could not read the scroll of silk which he saw ahead of him. Suddenly the angel Jibril appeared to him. This was the same angel who had appeared to prophet Ibrahim and to Mary and Jesus in times past. Now Jibril was near to Muhammad and he ordered him to read the writing on the scroll. Muhammad told the angel that he could not read the writing for he was unlettered, but the angel ordered him again and again to read the scroll and Muhammad began to feel the tension building up within him. Suddenly he felt something seize him, it gripped him so tightly that he could not breathe and he thought he would die. But suddenly Muhammad knew in his heart what the words said, and he whispered them hoarsely: Proclaim! In the name of your Lord and Sustainer who created Man from a clot of congealed blood, speak these words aloud! Your lord is the Most Generous One He who has taught the Pen, Who reveals directly Things beyond human knowledge. Muhammad had been chosen as a messenger of God because he was a devout man who worshipped the Lord. After Muhammad received this message he had to wait 2 years until he received another. This was Gods way of testing Muhammad and seeing whether he would be tempted to tell everyone about what he had seen. When Muhammad reached home after his shocking revelation, he told his wife, Khadijah, about what had happened. She went to her wise 100-year-old cousin, Waraqa ibn Nufal, for advice and after he was quite sure that Muhammads story was truthful, Khadijah became the first person to believe the message Muhammad revealed. The second person to believe Muhammads story was Ali, the next was Zaid and the next person to believe him was his close friend Abu Bakr. Two years later, Muhammad was still fearful and anxious about what the message might mean, when the angel Jibril appeared to him again. The angel said to him: O you wrapped arise and warn! Glorify God! Make your garments pure! Give up all uncleanness. Give, without expecting any return. For the sake of your Lord, endure with patience! Now that Muhammads time of waiting was over, he could go out and tell everyone about the messages he was receiving. THE REVELATIONS Most of the messages that Muhammad received from God after the Night of Power came to him in visions. They all shared the following similarities: Muhammad knew when they were about to happen. Each revelation was attended by dramatic phenomena, such as shaking or trances. Each one made the prophet feel close to death and that he was leaving his body and he might not re-enter it. At the end of each revelation Muhammad would appear as usual again and he would repeat what he had been taught. Sometimes Muhammad would lose consciousness during his visions. Sometimes he would receive the message instantly and sometimes Jibril appeared to Muhammad in the form of a man to transmit messages (not in visions). ABU TALIB AND KHADIJAH When Muhammad was 50 years old his uncle Abu Talib died. Abu Talib had looked after Muhammad all his life and had stuck by him even when many hated him. Muhammad had always been very close to his uncle who had protected him when he was vulnerable and his death made him depressed and very unhappy. At the end of this saddening year his beloved wife Khadijah also died at the age of 64. Although Muhammad was deeply upset by their deaths, he accepted that everyone dies eventually and he tried to carry on preaching in Gods name. THE NIGHT JOURNEY It was probably during this traumatic experience that Muhammad had an experience which changed his life forever. The Night Journey (or Laylat-ul-Miraj) was not recorded very accurately in the Quran and it is therefore hard to know exactly what happened in this event. When the prophet was asleep in his home in Makkah he was awoken by the angel Jibril. Muhammad then went with Jibril to Jerusalem riding on some kind of a Pegasus called Lightning. From Jerusalem, Jibril took Muhammad through the seven heavens and was shown paradise and hell. On his way through the heavens, Muhammad met and spoke to other prophets such as Isa and Musa. With Musa, Muhammad decided and set the number of times a day a Muslim should pray to God. It was finally fixed at 5 times a day although Muhammad originally thought 50 times was a sufficient amount. Eventually the prophet Muhammad travelled on with Jibril to the highest heaven of all: the throne of God. When he arrived here, neither Muhammad nor the angel could approach any closer and he experienced a sensation which he never again felt or could describe properly. All he could see was pure light and he was aware only of great peace as time stilled and thoughts and feelings disappeared. The experience soon ended though and Muhammad had to once again travel to Earth. To Muhammads astonishment, when he got home, he found that everything had remained exactly as he had left it. The place he had previously lain was still warm and the cup he had knocked over was still emptying. This experience brought great confidence and strength to Muhammad and it encouraged him to carry on with the knowledge that God was always with him. Muslims believe that this night was one of great importance, as it showed them what the ascension to Heaven would be like. It showed them that the soul abandons the weak and dishonest nature of the human body and you travel to a place where only pure bliss is possible. MUHAMMADS DEATH In 632CE, Muhammad fell ill with a fever and violent headaches. He was only 63 but he became weak and tired. He asked his wives if he could be moved into his youngest wife, Aishahs room. Even though he was feeble he still attempted to reach the praying place outside every day until his death. When he could not lead the prayers anymore, his good friend Abu Bakr took his place. On his last day on Earth, Muhammad, after leading the dawn prayer, lay in Aishahs arm and said, Lord grant me pardon. I have chosen the most exalted company, in paradise; then he died. Muhammad was buried where he died, in Aishahs room, and his tomb is still there even today. ISLAM The religion known as Islam was begun by Muhammad and it is still continued today. Since that day when Muhammad went on The Night Journey, Muslims have kept the number of times to pray each day at 5 times. All Muslims believe that God is responsible for every part of human life and he knows and sees all. Every Muslim tries to lead a peaceful life and pass the test set for all souls on Earth.

Vietnamese Cuisine Essay

Vietnamese Cuisine Essay This paper shall look into the characteristics of Vietnamese cuisine, taking into account the countrys unique historical and social influences that have shaped their thinking and attitude towards food. Being a former colonial country in the Southeast Asia, Vietnam has been the context of various cultural and historical fusions (Dung and Linh 2007). The development of its cuisine from the earliest times bears the marks of new influences from other countries and tastes, helping to make a truly rich and unique collection of dishes that reflect the countrys history. As we have already noted, Vietnamese cuisine is unique for its cultural and historical influences. Vietnam is a long, narrow country on the lower portion of the Asian mainland, bordered by China, Cambodia, Laos and the Gulf of Thailand. The countrys geography has proven to be an important factor in shaping its cuisine and food production over the years. Because of the peculiar shape of their country, the natives tend to think of it as a bamboo pole with a basket of rice at each end. Geography has also lent specialties of each region a different flavour, because climate plays a big role in the availability of ingredients for different dishes. The northern cuisine is reflective of the countrys Chinese cooking heritage by specializing in dishes with soy sauce, noodle-based soups and stir-fried foods. Northern dishes are less flavourful than those found in the south or the middle portion of the country because its climate is not suitable for a large number of spices. Central Vietnam is abundant with fresh produce, and is characterized by its propensity to use extreme spices and to serve up colourful food that is reminiscent of the regions past as the seat of royalty. A traditional meal involves several complex dishes in very small portions. Finally, Southern cooking has been most heavily influenced by Thai food, such that their dishes are sweet or spicy in taste because it boasts of a climate that is suitable to a bigger number of spices. Immigrants from across the Cambodian border have also helped define the style and flavour of Southern Vietnamese cooking. This part of the country is also where the vestiges of French colonial cooking are most apparent. History, as we have already noted, plays an integral role in the development and fusion of Vietnamese food with other cultures. Almost ten centuries worth of Chinese domination in the country has left significant imprints in their cooking styles, as well as the particular dishes and the choice of ingredients. The French colonizers, on the other hand, influence the traditional Vietnamese menu by introducing various techniques of sautà ©ing. Vietnamese soups are also part of their French heritage. Other factors such as the socio-economic classes dictate on the availability of food products in the country, such that poorer people cannot afford to buy particular kinds of food because of higher prices. They are more likely to consume more rice and less meat and vegetable dishes, but this does not mean that they are enjoying their native cuisine less than the rich. The countrys dense population subsists mostly on carbohydrates in the form of rice, other grains and noodles. Vietnamese food is most popular for combining an array of vegetables, herbs and meats to come up with different meals (Dung and Linh 2007). Vietnamese cuisines usage of some some ingredients such as coconut and coconut milk is a characteristic that it shares with its Asian neighbours, but an authentic Vietnamese meal also boasts of culinary contributions from other countries, particularly China and France. It is also cooked using unique traditional styles that have been passed from generation to generation. Because of its propensity to use light ingredients and vegetables, Vietnamese food is one of the healthiest cuisines around the world today, which is a prime reason for why it is quickly becoming popular in a more health-conscious society. The diaspora of whole communities, coupled with the forces of globalization and capitalism, have also helped to propel Vietnamese cuisine to the forefront of the culinary world (Thomas 2004). Like other Asian countries, rice is a staple in the Vietnamese diet. It is grown in water paddies all around the country, but the climatic conditions at the Red River delta in the north and the Mekong river delta in the south are most favourable for this crop. Rice is the main source of carbohydrates (in the form of starch) in the peoples diet, eaten three times a day with a vegetable and/or meat main dish. Rice is also made into a variety of cakes, noodles, and desserts. Vietnam is currently the worlds third largest exporter of rice, and this commodity also holds a prime position in the countrys economy, apart from being a mainstay in the dining table. The country is still predominantly agriculture in nature, with a climate that can support a large variety of flora and fauna. Rice is usually consumed jointly by all the family members. The typical Vietnamese meal would include several main dishes, a soup and a bowl of rice for everyone. These are laid out on a table where the family members sit around and take their food from the dish platters with chopsticks-this is the only country in the Pacific and the Southeast Asian regions where people traditionally eat their meals with chopsticks. This habit is clearly one of the Chinese influences in Vietnamese cooking. The meal is usually not divided into courses and everything is served all at once. When the younger Vietnamese eat with their elders, they ask the latter to get their share of the food first as a sign of respect typical in the whole Asian region. Like the Chinese, traditional meals are also accompanied by a cup of tea, especially when there are guests around. The meal is not complete without vegetables on the side and a variety of small bowls filled with salty sauces in which the people dip their food. Vegetables are usually served as salads tossed in with beef or shrimp, in order to complement the strong flavour of the meaty main dish. The classic dip in these traditional family meals is a kind of salty fish sauce called nuoc mam. Apart from the land-grown rice, the countrys coastal and river areas provide another staple of the Vietnamese diet-fish and other aquatic species. The countrys two major rivers are an important source of seafood that help to balance the carbohydrate-rich diet of the locals. The rivers also serve as a way of transporting the goods to the local water markets, where fresh produce from the coastal villages are sold. In fact, seafood occupies a bigger portion in the Vietnamese diet than other meats such as pork, chicken or beef, which are usually consumed in smaller quantities. The Vietnamese cook their food in many ways, but unlike the Chinese, they prefer to keep the dish light by using as little oil as possible. While some viands are deep fried or stir fried, there are also a great number that are cooked by only boiling, tossing or steaming them. Vietnamese cooking is also not as rich or heavy as the curry-based dishes of Thailand, for example. The distinctive light and fresh flavour of the Vietnamese locals can be achieved by using a variety of spices and ingredients such as mint leaves, lemon grass, shrimp, native fish sauces, basi, garlic, and ginger. Cooking styles also vary from region to region, with the north preferring a lot of dishes that are slow-cooked or stir fried, whereas dishes in the south are mostly grilled or simply eaten raw. The Vietnamese are popular for being keen snackers, and they are rather fond of eating at street-side stalls or small shops specializing in a single dish, instead of the modern restaurants lining the streets in the cities. Their tradition of eating out is very strong even if most meals are cooked and eaten at home. The streets are filled with t sweet aroma of delicious snacks being cooked everywhere, because the Vietnamese are likely to stop anywhere and grab a bite whenever they feel hungry. Some of these roadside attractions are actually prestigious family restaurants that have been serving customers for many, many years. Tourists in Vietnam should, however, be a little wary of what they eat because of the presence of so many herbs and spices. People with allergies are especially susceptible because they may not know that the food they are eating contain an ingredient that they may be allergic to.

Poor Richards Almanac Essay -- essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  First published by Benjamin Franklin in 1732, â€Å"Poor Richard’s Almanack† was a guide to both weather forecasts and wise sayings. Franklin used the pseudonym Richard Saunders in writing the text, which became an annual publication up until 1757. Response to the almanac was tremendous, and it sold as many as 10,000 issues a year. Second only to the bible, â€Å"Poor Richard’s Almanack† was one of the most popular and purchased publications in colonial America. The almanac stressed the two qualities Franklin found to be essential to success, industry and frugality. Benjamin Franklin wrote this in hope of having a positive effect on the colonies.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Franklin wrote â€Å"Poor Richard’s Almanack† as a service to the American people, hoping to educate them and entice their intellectual cravings. Since it was extremely common for the almanac to be the only publication a person ever purchased, Franklin felt indebted to write as much as he possibly could. This important publication opened the discussion of many important issues people did not previously think about in their daily exchange (Giblin 24). From guidance on friendship to a prediction on the season’s weather, â€Å"Poor Richard’s Almanack† was a must-have on every colonists list.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Poor Richard’s Almanack† contained advice and readings having to do with many various subjects including women, marriage, economy, servants, wit, law, food, security, wealth, vi...

Pricing and the Psychology of Consumption

Business’s try to maximize consumption is a variety of different ways. Price bundling can damage the loyalty that a customer has with a particular business. Maintaining customer loyalty through consumption is directly correlated to the success of the business. If a business cannot establish a relationship with the customer and create a demand for the customer, the likelihood of that customer returning is very slim. The example that the article used was related to fitness memberships. If the fitness center charges an annual fee at the initial registration, it is likely that the customer will use the membership less frequently throughout the year. The downfall to this approach is that the customer will likely not renew its membership in the following year. Another option a fitness club may offer would be to have the customer sign a year contract and bill the customer monthly instead of one lump some annually. This method is more effective because the customer is aware on a monthly basis of what he or she paying. This creates loyalty between the customer and the fitness center and studies suggest that the customer is more than likely to renew there contract the following year. The fitness center that I attend has you sign a contract at the time you register and charges you on a monthly basis. After looking at the contract I noticed that, although they bill me monthly throughout a calendar year, I would have to pay cancellation penalty if I decided end the contract before the end of a specific calendar year. For example, if I cancelled my contract in May, I would have to pay a lump sum for the remainder of the months in that specific calendar year. Pricing and payment terms can help a business’s hide the actual cost of a particular product and or service. Cash, credit cards and charge accounts are the three main methods of purchasing among most consumers. The fact of the matter is that a customer is less likely to be price sensitive if they either purchases with a credit card or use there charge account. Customers that purchase with cash see the immediate impact financially speaking. The challenge most marketing managers’ face is developing a marketing action plan to capitalize on increasing consumption while maintaining customer loyalty. This may sound easier said than done especially after considering that most often decisions are dependent on price. One of my company’s main goals is to open customer charge accounts. Research has shown that a customer is fives times more likely to spend more money if they have a charge account rather than if the where going to purchase with cash or a credit card. This relates to the example in the article â€Å"buy now, pay later. The pros and cons of consumption on the basis of pricing vary from industry to industry. For instance, the marketing team for a semi-pro baseball team decides to pre-sale all there tickets at the beginning of the year. They chose to mirror a professional baseball team because of there success in pre-selling tickets. The pro’s they had was that they secured the money upfront for the entire season. This was an increase in tickets sales than they had from the following year, so in the first quarter of the season they thought they had made the correct decision. The con’s came as the season went on. They noticed the ticket holder’s attendance was decreasing. This may not seem to be a problem at first because the organization already collected the money. What they came to realize was that they where losing money on all the other amenities that the stadium sold: food, apparel, beer. It is important for marketing managers to understand there customers needs. Increased customer consumption can be rewarding in some businesses and detrimental to the success of others.

Analysis- Macbeth’s soliloquy Essay

Macbeth’s soliloquy at the start of Act 1, Scene 7, introduces us to a side of Macbeth that has not yet been portrayed earlier in the play. Here, instead of being the courageous and valiant soldier, Macbeth reveals himself to be a man who is being slowly tempted by ambition and power, though not determined enough to take the risks in order to achieve his goal, thus resulting in the repetition of â€Å"ifs† throughout the beginning of Macbeth’s soliloquy. Macbeth is also very much aware of the lack of reason for the murder of Duncan. The soliloquy effectively adds to our understanding of the internal conflict that plagues Macbeth as he struggles to determine whether or not he should kill Duncan, who is a virtuous man as well as his kinsman and king. He believes that it is against the nature of man to kill someone who is of such a status and relation to him and that it is immoral to do so, â€Å"he’s here in double trust: first, as I am his kinsman and his subject, strong both against the deed† and that it would be a breech of Duncan’s trust in him if he decides to go through with the murder. We see Macbeth’s reluctance to murder Duncan himself as he is a guest in his own home. â€Å"†¦as his host, who should against his murderer shut the door, not bear the knife myself.† Macbeth knows that his weakness is the desire he has to seize the crown. He knows that although he does not wish to murder Duncan but for the fulfillment of his own ambition, â€Å"I have no spur to prick the sides of my intent, but only vaulting ambition†¦Ã¢â‚¬  it is something that must happen in order for Macbeth to achieve what he wants. The audience sees the conflict within Macbeth and the horrible imaginings he has for his own downfall and his fate. He knows that he is drinking from a â€Å"poisoned chalice† which symbolizes Macbeth’s yearning for moral desecration. Another aspect of Macbeth that the audience witness is the reluctance to mention the murder of Duncan. Instead, he uses euphemisms such as † it, assassination, this blow, the deed, bear the knife, his taking off, horrid deed, my intent† This gives the audience the impression that Macbeth is scared to name his fate and his intentions of murdering Duncan in fear of â€Å"jinxing† himself. Macbeth’s tone throughout his soliloquy is one of confusion, frustration and is filled with hellish images which are associated with what may become of Macbeth’s soul. â€Å"Bloody instructions, which being taught; return to plague th’inventor, deep damnation, poisoned chalice† Macbeth recognizes the guilt which may come with the murder of Duncan and we find ourselves feeling pity for him as he  struggles with morals and his own ambition. Personification and metaphors are also effective in Macbeth’s soliloquy. Through personification, various aspects of humanity such as virtues, justice, and pity have been exaggerated so that the audience may treat these aspects as humans, and feel the vulnerability of human goodness- pity is portrayed as a newborn babe, and virtues are portrayed pleading like angels. Through Macbeth’s soliloquy, the audience sees that this man, who was supposedly a virtuous, valiant person, has become a weak character, giving in to the temptations brought on by ambition, greed and power, even if it means having to abandon his morals. The audience recognizes that Macbeth is human and he is plagued with a troubled conscience but we are disappointed to see Macbeth slowly drifting towards corruption and his own downfall. He will eventually â€Å"o’erleap† himself.

“A Dream Deferred” by Langston Hughes Essay

The poem A Dream Deferred by Langston Hughes basically describes what happens to dreams when they are put on hold. The speaker in the poem originally entitled it Harlem, which is the capital of African-American life in the United States. The title was changed to accommodate all dreams in general, and what happens when people postpone making them come true. The speakers attitude toward the poem is an advice-giving attitude. The poet doesnt want people to postpone getting what they want. The poem is written in an informative/caring tone to help people live the lives they dream of having. In the opening of the poem, the poet uses a visual image, which is a simile, to compare a deferred dream to a raisin. The speaker asks the question Does it dry up/like a raisin in the sun? (2-3) This phrase creates the image of a raisin that used to be a firm, moist, and healthy-looking grape that has become shriveled up into a raisin. The speaker doesnt emphasize the appearance of the raisin, so it isnt as good of an image as the simile. This image gives an emotional effect of a dream deferred shriveling up and turning dark because the sun has baked it. The words and phrases, Or fester like a sore(4), and Or crust and sugar over(7) are both symbolic of the hard manual labor that African-Americans had during the early 1900s. Maybe it just sags / like a heavy load(9-10) is a great picture of a dream that sits within a person and weighs there making everything else one does never enough. As the reader puts all of these illusions together, ones own dreams and ideals are brought to the surface just as Hughes brings his poem to a close with style. Or does it explode (11) is the most powerful line of the poem. It is separated from the other lines of the poem and italicized, adding emphasis to it visually. The concept of a dream exploding is a powerful conclusion of what could happen to the poet’s or reader’s dreams if they are pushed aside or unable to be pursued. All in all, this poem is a very universal poem as far as advocating for all types of people. This poem uses no forms of rhyme or meter, but it does use one form of a sound effect. The one example is the line Or does it explode? (11), in which the word explode gives a strong meaning of sound. The sound affects the  sense of the poem by showing that it could all end in a big disastrous bang. The elements that are most important to the poem are the quotes Does it dry up/like a raisin in the sun? (2-3) and Or fester like a sore(4). The elements that contribute least to the poems effectiveness are the quotes And then run? (5) and like a heavy load (10). The poems title means that people have dreams that they would like to pursue, but obstacles make them keep procrastinating and/or putting them off. The poem means that many people, no matter what race, all have dreams that they would like to have come true, but they just linger around in the back of their minds. I responded to it by agreeing to the whole concept. I have many dreams that I would like to of had come true, but there have been certain obstacles that have gotten in the way. It doesnt remind me of anything in particular, but there are some instances that are similar, such as wanting to drive when I turned 16, but because I took drivers training late, I couldnt. This poem tells me to pursue the dreams that I have if at all possible. A Dream DeferredBy: Langston HughesWhat happens to a dream deferred?Does it dry uplike a raisin in the sun?Or fester like a sore–And then run?Does it stink like rotten meat?Or crust and sugar over–like a syrupy sweet?Maybe it just sagslike a heavy load. Or does it explode? â€Å"A Dream Deferred by Langston Hughes.† CSWNET. 25 June 1996. 25 April 2008 .

(the public problem that you choose) Assignment

(the public problem that you choose) - Assignment Example Rate of Obesity in Adults Approximately 68 per cent of grownups are having obesity and in America only 75 million grownups are obese, according to National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2007-2008. Rate of Obesity in Children The rate of obesity is on the rise in children as well. The rate of obesity among the children between the ages of 2 to 5 years has more than doubled in the last 30 years, while the rate of obesity among the children between the ages of 6 to 11 years has tripled in the last 30 years and the rate of obesity in youngsters between the ages of 12 to 19 years has increased to more than triple in the last 30 years. Furthermore, according to statistics I child in every 6 children is obese and almost 17 per cent of American children between the ages of 2 to 19 years have obesity. Why Obesity needs to be addressed? Obesity does not only cause the increase in the weight and makes one lazy but it is also gives rise to many other health problems which remain conne cted with the obese person for the lifetime. The person having obesity has greater chances of having diseases such as heart disease, high blood pressure, type-2 diabetes, some kind of cancers, gout, arthritis, coronary thrombosis and  gall bladder, liver disorders and certain long lasting illnesses. It has been shown by research that a child who has obese becomes overweight and takes obesity in his adulthood. In the United States only among adults of age 20 and older 13 per cent have diabetes and among these 13 per cent 40 per cent have not been diagnosed earlier with obesity, the statistics have been showed by 2005-2006 NHANES survey. 95 per cent of all diabetics have type 2 diabetes and almost all of the undiagnosed patients having diabetes have type 2 diabetes. Pre-diabetes does not have any symptoms and the increased risks of having type 2 diabetes and heart diseases which majorly include heart attacks or strokes are caused by pre-diabetes. Causes and alternatives of Obesity O besity is usually caused as a result of eating more food as compared to the physiological requirement of the body. People who do not take part in the activities of life actively, prefers sedentary routine and are habitual of taking in food more than required by their daily life style are prone to become obese. People do not succeed in adjusting their desire of eating food according to their requirement gain weight and as a result become obese. The possibility of occurrence of obese is equal in both sexes i.e. male and female and can arise at any age. Normally women become obese after their pregnancy or in menopause. During pregnancy women usually gains a lot of weight which they fail to shed after the birth of their new born. This extra fat stored in their body makes them obese. The problem of obesity is a serious public issue and should be dealt seriously as this excessive storage of fat is the cause of having stress not only on heart but also on kidneys and liver as well. This ext ra weight caused by the excessive storage of fats puts strain on the joints like knees, ankles and hips that causes shortening of duration of life. Though recently much have been done to increase the awareness about obesity and the dangers it causes to the human life but a lot is still left to be done. Isolated, bored, unloved, hopeless, sad, unsatisfied and displeased with their family members, financial dissatisfied are the people who become involved in the habit of